Similar forms exist in Lithuanian puižė and Irish puisín or puiscín. The English puss, extended as pussy and pussycat, is attested from the 16th century and may have been introduced from Dutch poes or from Low German puuskatte, related to Swedish kattepus, or Norwegian pus, pusekatt. Northern Sami gáđfi, 'female stoat', and Hungarian hölgy, 'lady, female stoat' from Proto-Uralic * käďwä, 'female (of a furred animal)'. The word may be derived from Germanic and Northern European languages, and ultimately be borrowed from Uralic, cf. However, it is "equally likely that the forms might derive from an ancient Germanic word, imported into Latin and thence to Greek and to Syriac and Arabic". The Nubian word may be a loan from Arabic قَطّ qaṭṭ ~ قِطّ qiṭṭ. The Nubian word kaddîska 'wildcat' and Nobiin kadīs are possible sources or cognates. The Late Latin word may be derived from an unidentified African language. The origin of the English word cat, Old English catt, is thought to be the Late Latin word cattus, which was first used at the beginning of the 6th century. In the United Kingdom, 26% of adults have a cat, with an estimated population of 10.9 million pet cats as of 2020. As of 2017, the domestic cat was the second most popular pet in the United States, with 95.6 million cats owned and around 42 million households owning at least one cat. Īs of 2021, there were an estimated 220 million owned and 480 million stray cats in the world.
It was long thought that cat domestication began in ancient Egypt, where cats were venerated from around 3100 BC, but recent advances in archaeology and genetics have shown that their domestication occurred in the Near East around 7500 BC. Population control of cats may be achieved by spaying and neutering, but their proliferation and the abandonment of pets has resulted in large numbers of feral cats worldwide, contributing to the extinction of entire bird, mammal, and reptile species. Domestic cats are bred and shown at events as registered pedigreed cats, a hobby known as cat fancy. įemale domestic cats can have kittens from spring to late autumn in temperate zones and throughout the year in equatorial regions, with litter sizes often ranging from two to five kittens. It also secretes and perceives pheromones. It can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small mammals. Although the cat is a social species, it is a solitary hunter. Cat communication includes vocalizations like meowing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting as well as cat-specific body language.
Its night vision and sense of smell are well developed. The cat is similar in anatomy to the other felid species: it has a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp teeth, and retractable claws adapted to killing small prey like mice and rats. About 60 cat breeds are recognized by various cat registries.
Domestic cats are valued by humans for companionship and their ability to kill vermin. Cats are commonly kept as house pets but can also be farm cats or feral cats the feral cat ranges freely and avoids human contact. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is commonly referred to as the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family. The cat ( Felis catus) is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.
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